ࡱ> y{x'` RbjbjVwVwD442qRRRRRRRfNNN8 f.   $քh>d5-R@5RRbRR~l8RRt %nNI1pXx0pl^ttR}T 4B NS   55_X   fffdffffffRRRRRR The Worlds Biggest Spittoon In the spring, the eastern half of North America turns into one big spittoon for spittlebugs. Wandering through a meadow, its easy to spot the gobs of foam they produce, stuck to the stems of various plants. What makes spittlebugs produce so much spittle? As the weather warms in spring, spittlebug eggs that were laid on plants in autumn begin to hatch. The spittlebugnymphs pierce the plant stem with their needle-like mouth parts and suck sap from the plant. But, the nymphs dont suck the nutrient-rich sap that carries sugars produced by photosynthesis. Instead, they pump out the sap that flows up from the roots, carrying water and other elements from the soil necessary for photosynthesis. To get enough nutrients from this watery sap, spittlebugs have to pump up to 300 times their own weight in sap every 24 hours! They excrete the excess water in the form of that spittle you see on the plant stem. The frothy mass may seem at first to be so much wasted spittle, but it also serves an important function by protecting and concealing the nymphs from predators. It works so well that the critters have no known predators. The spittle also provides a moist environment for the nymphs, preventing them from drying up. Thats good news for spittlebugs but bad news for plants, which can wilt and become stunted as the nymphs pump out the sap flowing up from their roots. 00NLu Ng'Yvuv! 00%f)Y SNJSSbNN*N]'Yvuv  TS4l v/fNSZP9Tlkvfk0Op(WNGrIjW N `O w0R[NQ~bWWv">Ul |(WTy iirv09Tlk`HNORlQYdkYv">Um"? 00@w%f)Yeg4N )Yllf 9Tlk(Wy)YN NvkuS_Yu[S09Tlk|^k(urShV:R4x iir 8TSAlm0FO[N8TSv N/fIQT\O(uv NT - %{Q0N[v+T|Alm /fIQT\O(uv Se - iir9hNWX̑rlSv4lRTvQ[CQ }0  fjlxz|~}xrhrh]hrxhd_KHmHnHujhd_KHU hd_KH hd_o(hd_5PJo(hd_5CJPJo(hd_5CJOJPJo(hd_CJOJPJo(hd_jhd_UmHnHsHtHhnjhnUh4h[3aJU)h0h0B*KHOJQJ^JaJph+h0h05B*KHOJQJ\^Jph" gd4$dwdd1$[$\$a$gd0$dwdd1$[$\$a$gd0 $dw1$a$gd000:NNN QQ4l vAlm-NrlS{QR 9Tlkk24\e8Tߘؚꁫ͑ϑ300 Pv iirAlm0`O w0Rv iir Nv >Ul ck/fNNcQvYYO4lR0 00bWWv>Ul~Nv,{NaɉeYNN'YXe(uv>Um vQ[[؏Ob9Tlk|^kMQmUcߘ0ُ*N  vRHeYdku}Y NN{|؏*gSs9TlkvUcߘ0">U l"؏:N9TlkcONnmvsX [Nl gr^mKN^0FO/f|_KN| >TKNko0 iirtSS@w9hAlm:Yߘ S No ug0      ,TRX,_>e_f[`Ns^Swww.TingClass.net f[ ~,TR N,TRX00MQ9,TR N}0www.tingclass.net -  PAGE 1 -  gd4 $ 9r a$0182P. A!"#$%S Fe(ᆆ5lE/JFIFC    $.' ",#(7),01444'9=82<.342C  2!!22222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222" }!1AQa"q2#BR$3br %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz w!1AQaq"2B #3Rbr $4%&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz ?]m_;Sw:AWm  Q1E~TbQpoa?*]'I1Ea?*7&( ~T\,. RbQpOʍ'I1Ea?*7&( ~T\,Oʍ'F( ~T\,. RbQpOʓ Q1@X7OʌQa?*7&( ?OʓbX]'FpOʍ'I1Ea?*7&(0_ʍ/I1J`~Toa?*1F) Ra?*LQa?*7&( Oʍ'I1Ea?*7&(0Oʍ'I1@X]'F,. RbP Q1F( ~T?Oʏ31F(  Q1@X7. Q1F(X]'F`~Toa?*1F)~Toa?*LQW ~T~TOʌQa`~Toa?*1F)?Oʏ31F(X]'F Roa?*1F) Ra?*LQa?*7&(0_ʍ/I1@X7OʌQ 93?rQ@X|)wLHGQq-len5Olnx#NOP~DmTQFn+Ѷfꆒhcid8P(_ȷъlDo5Comg*eIA)lG1OK(?mhh.6s\p7I7b\QnzQ"q6"vь ."H"#j]bづpS=1[:}/je+#ZTi ¬ool9" K59j5K, avk k莢v üVL5"\٢:ܽozv1VԬtg+Xe9ӬZM~SWө*j5Fڗ0h ms\]1R9m,Q6+bThEbIъOnh TX.h(M2F&8b,Qoh ThEbF.X.6p"vѶ(Km=bFxO=E IRcCvmT\֍'Vdn۟җs$erW"vm]KbTi LW3x,j%-khZmD@qҺ'*Z cCbcFk]; SyDk0.{f$+ԋj@9XszcAwd/_fG kXu8t{ӴrH׊xZG밸mWofWv޽jg*RK3F:s^eZr7 nZbThYdX}E.xoI"E3mX~m`*]p%7C50+[W4`w?BE}kA&Gj,aKN;נBA\$kAh7h1Y΃aè6YZX]Ƅ|ָs|!(J޻kKTcCjEu #|!N3:j1km8DǠB(cZm7;C{isW` 9pNEbkEQjR u<+pF< 6Ը R$[޹z؀Fǵ1+noW_C~JA(ZѤ ~鰅d!mqֺ֛pC ]u B9BTD&%KhzOO%O²)ZYU:Uܲ'v}fe ԥ,)kIn߸Zd1Ԥ *QW71VQݘ5^On^Eti JcTӛ9tpFOL7 *<9 NqY6Ȼ\VR+.M>kFC[I.Oƌi2o4t ccǨ fE4vH5nzpTR{}(Rcg8>Z[hVţc&HYis#HќCvѶ eNEsN5gfF8k==2Օ4cJKmw˴,O͎+9˱߆J9.kMٌpuf^L è RS +R4M66ub\}==u*Ȱ?6)]/Hs}zHaڄfpIHI}%bh򿈿.B#Fړm.(XmjPm-mvѷҀ"Fڗo4m,E.Z6"FڗnzV}ޡTJ* "|ܷ9mT,{X33隣_PTa\{tw,Ԓ]Jߝc=<]K ]jMJxXES޷2!~2kGh8\V] A>k헶F-62dTk[|'Ј-ILԯp 拭kM\ÊUTt;0 %f9p c3&vZX&F}j-o0-ұ^h0Yu\>%JK6hZyǜ֊O+VEG-/$sX(W'*u:ZvhR.A.UϖB-#<$wkjqO@*4i/X\^z)1KޖC/n̚dc\ME7>s=kv67|`K 2+׆*,hJ6VR>,2i6dOq\楯 gpZ3Z~;7dU,Ij"lR`HN{ip $JAwS]։EiĊ7c\ʐ1wpOznjC? ^2M#[>$m>e ~x}Zx,qںn[)4KqA^Khrpε!E/ym}|״4!ROz׾cj˭g^jcd+晦f=jiX[T p4ru@[PF=+Xg+Ѿ]KFژRm6m徢mQq8pt"i4mc*| EQ-z@j;W:nB<~lMwe;J[&M4bN$I+f1qOϴV'qfyYM= ZDøtEpx:z%\Dt4'Iê, Dtk'W$b\tu Vsg4d]bJ vѶongB].cXЩ((ojMTl|C`۲E]H1 |& s9Ft$En}ԶLF8j-(Fn3s9QU+NQIc HW Mj]{%%լ:IzmYڷuIIBWSjV94}/M!@Mw­gkD{*v)E⍵&]Qx_?S%~JsQ2=j]mv2/cU[sW Jd+}> zpF\ e^T"*`kSmC5`Sʔns(b%ŸMkU`θD&M=cpq \k*HԐt$MTiiS۸lbX|z8)sXF̍9nrr|'J-H9,QJ԰FpV3Tuב\k9<ҭk:\tc(}+4ΥJc ӭ S:_8,tΜѓkÿ5FGZiR10H>L!J_d8=kWU{"#\Ɇpm9l<EWYl>Ϳ=kBA_e]f)eaUt5mbwrX C{⋋O_F;9B1ޝ%%C-O6ppkKDqKK`S|:3nN(G)k 4m<)k!Vn9ou$۹`TUƕ81Sˡ׎F驏2~LӼQ. X'&k3/LoԛyJvZ璢DrĥGRkmf[[j9֦[zֽ6QG߾R 7v0PsS V4snO|nGq)ELT][GN-HT<Uk u[ߗBDBWwbZ4){ zFڗn(Z\lE M:$^j=V`v4c-zV,>U5ak wJ9b$~\V}xz۹[H&AVΣ"}j#$U֤|W^C?xutNGt?Ak9NX۞PP.Ǟmɮ{`Q0* 8.+(\&mWcLŖVZ=o{G1{yfi$Q!)ӥXXz҂5]}Н[-t./Ρ]ΒEMد56ԻhHv"RE.ڐ/(,?ڱ*EGmI1@G&(G&(b=m1F(F*Mmv#1F( mI1@/81Fs@XaqT5;zҺ$7 v8u#3oz8D12"G­.Nsj6"F*LfeY]NIN+mAԛsF(9''yjdh]H栏öyQ[i1AбU- Dz5T0Ի} A)>gtss9%QBv@RJw3nt.P 2E~2}[sE^^[:U &ڴ6D'(;d>d`EQʭIi3.G_19ϦE=ÑZ8qA_X{R݂]B#aK8qҍǕhRmmv#6Ѷ#F>jmxzGQՈO5Gƣ)$w->>f*V'c-[䌶3Xk>q SȭmSjt:wqZ 8cƠNRsv*\YEvp)!ӭKUQ4/M.[G(I6ӹ#jMbG&(F*LQW0"P*6ӻb=m1F)dQmV YW+֩^+OmSKYL wĵHtpI{W*"X" :_6]T!T phonetic2*B*`JphfffCJOJQJo(^JaJ5\.1. caption15\`^@B` nf(Qz)!dXD[$dYD\$a$$1$CJOJQJ^JaJKH8 @R8 ua$$G$ 9r CJJ@bJ u w'a$$G$&dP 9r CJ^\^ z-zSOvza$$1$&dPCJOJQJ^JaJ<KH^]^ z-zSO^za$$1$$dNCJOJQJ^JaJ<KHVV /\8 Char Char*5CJ,KH,PJ\_HaJ,mH nHsH tH^^ /\8 TopSage.com& 8NWD8XDdYD^` CJaJff /\8TopSage.com Char Char$CJKHPJ_HaJmH nHsH tHHH /\8paraN.WDXDYD`CJaJNN /\8 para Char$CJKHPJ_HaJmH nHsH tHDD /\8ParaheadWDXD2`5RR /\8'Y[Q* NNVDWD8XDYD^` CJaJJJ !/\8reply N.VDXDYD^CJaJPP /\8 reply Char$CJKHPJ_HaJmH nHsH tH6"6 -/\8answer"d,CJaJX12X /\8bt3##$$$dh2@& XD2a$B* CJ\aJphhABh %/\8bt4'$$$$d,d@& XDdYDa$ B* CJOJPJQJ\aJph3XQX $/\8bt4 Char05B* CJKHPJ_HaJmH nHph3sH tHHbH /\8Y/N"&   VDWDP^ `56FrF /\8bt$'$WDXD2YD2`a$5) /\8uxbb /\8 Directions&)-WDXD2YD2^-`6CJ]^JNN /\8bt2*$dhXD2a$5B*CJ\^Jph33VV /\8readme,+\dN.WD8XDYD^`\aJFF /\8 SampleAnswer,$`a$5RR "! answer Char$CJKHPJ_HaJmH nHsH tH88 n6c cnn_dynone1 <e G HTML @Acd0000000000@0ȑ00@0ȑ00@0ȑ00@0ȑ00@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0ȑ00\10000000000000000000 22mpps  _fhs!   /XR$ᆆ5lE/m(2R$q<&Ϸ[@ (    pA 0, heheoR,gWordPictureWatermark1S"  pA 0, heheoR,gWordPictureWatermark2S"z0(  *   msp `p `5G`@M9*urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttagsplace l/ +,.1BCEH[^abdert022445578:;=>BFGQ[^022445578:;=>BQd122445578:;=>22445578:;=>)| :}s~߰2n-R *Q+Z0=y2(3 ,3Q 5[5X6/\89 n:;+m;`??jA9A^A`A(BrCDlEuEKFU'GkYHgI@K LbL/NZNOORR*.RTYR;>S-UBVzV=WjX4YCYZ/Z[9]6h]^9^~^d_K$`&`rA`han6cec6d>d6&efgbmg{gE8mP8pMlp+q7qbqr/r6t$tH-tYftit'EulunugRvvvcwXx!yE|WXYO0>&Uag-)!bO!%,Pg[0C!W>EQt:{cGSkt8s2jj@q^u!]c{ gm n4b|xd cr0G.dB4hhei!q:<cHs;)A `8Eg7942O;2u>M68y?>-8D-BU>7EkGNVX1cd%SY9K\4F0(&R&f 'GR1gr4?aV*O/ADK"1.~J@/ (\0@00Unknown Gz Times New Roman5Symbol3& z Arial7&  Verdana;[SOSimSun;5 wiSO_GB2312;ўSOSimHeiO& k9?Lucida Sans Unicode;Wingdings Qhwƀ!GA    !Z&!),.:;?]}    & 6"0000 0 0 00000 =@\]^([{  0 0 00000;[//2q ?'*22 Normal.dotUnit 1 guoyaxinUser)                           ! " # $ % & ' ( Oh+'0  8 D P \hpxUnit 1  guoyaxin Normal.dotUser147Microsoft Office Word@Ɣ @ 5O@rvɝ-@0n ՜.+,D՜.+,D   $,4<WWW.YlmF.CoM /' ` ?GKSOProductBuildVer2052-6.6.0.2461  !"$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefgijklmnoqrstuvwzRoot Entry F!%n|1Table#RWordDocumentDSummaryInformation(hDocumentSummaryInformation8pCompObjm  FMicrosoft Office Word ĵ MSWordDocWord.Document.89q