ࡱ> wyv'` R bjbjVwVwJ44 q.......>>>8vV{x.wwwwwww$zh}dx-.@x..5x000|..w0w00~rk8..ns @e>|nXwKx0{xolu}u}nsnsu}.w0xx {xVVVdVVVB$f~...... Unit 90 The Secrets of Happiness You just think you know what will make you happy. Researchers in the new science of happiness know better. They have evidence that married people on average end up being no happier than they were before the wedding. Winning the lottery will probably reduce your pleasure in the ordinary events that used to make you happy. And being in good health isn't as much of a factor as the right genes when it comes to life satisfaction. Depressing, isn't it? Well, there is one bit of good news: Research from around the world suggests that most people are happy, not unhappy. "It's one of the things we're absolutely sure abut," says Michigan psychologist Richard Lucas. Once 222 Illinois college students were under a study aimed to find out what the happiest 10 percent had in common. They were extroverts, had more friendships and romantic relationships, but didn't exercise more and didn't feel they had more good events in their lives than those who weren't as happy. No real surprises there, but like other research in the field, it produced a bit more hard data. "It's amazing how long happiness has been a problem, but how recently science has turned its attention to it," says Daniel Gilbert, a Harvard professor of psychology. "It's only been in the last 10 years that what was a hobby of a few has become a central focus in psychology." Some of the results come as a surprise. A classic study of lottery winners and people with spinal cord injuries, for instance, found that neither event changed their lives as much as observers thought they would. Gilbert is looking into how accurately people predict what will make them happy. It turns out, not accurately at all. What we think will bring us pleasure -- a new car, the home team winning the NCAA championship -- usually doesn't bring us as much as we expected, and the positive impact doesn't last as long. The good news is that we also overestimate the impact of catastrophic events. Why that matters, of course, is that we base our present actions on our inaccurate predictions. As Gilbert says, "The future spoils the present." "The first thing to realize," he adds, "is that you could know exactly what would be in your future and not know how you'll feel about it. So is there any way to be more accurate in predicting how happy we'll be? Yes," says Gilbert, "but almost no one wants to do it." Even with data from research pouring in, scientists still don't have an easy answer to what we all want to know: How do I get long-term life satisfaction? The answers they do have are often the same ones that philosophers and priests have been giving us for centuries. It's just nice to have them backed up with hard data.      ,TRX,_>e_f[`Ns^Swww.TingClass.net f[ ~,TR N,TRX00MQ9,TR N}0www.tingclass.net -  PAGE468<>BDHJNPTVfht|   ƻ}xrhrfrh[hrxh(KHmHnHuUjh>KHU h>KH h>o( hAo(h>5PJo(hg5CJPJo(h>5CJPJo(hA5CJOJPJo(h>5CJOJPJo(h>CJOJPJo(h>jh>UmHnHsHtHh&jh&Uh(hVuCJOJQJaJh(h(OJQJ#! H ^ 3W46:<@BFHLNRT  $ 9r a$gd(gd(6  1 -     gd(  h(hVuCJOJQJaJ0182P. A!"#$%S Fe(ᆆ5lE/JFIFC    $.' ",#(7),01444'9=82<.342C  2!!22222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222" }!1AQa"q2#BR$3br %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz w!1AQaq"2B #3Rbr $4%&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz ?]m_;Sw:AWm  Q1E~TbQpoa?*]'I1Ea?*7&( ~T\,. RbQpOʍ'I1Ea?*7&( ~T\,Oʍ'F( ~T\,. RbQpOʓ Q1@X7OʌQa?*7&( ?OʓbX]'FpOʍ'I1Ea?*7&(0_ʍ/I1J`~Toa?*1F) Ra?*LQa?*7&( Oʍ'I1Ea?*7&(0Oʍ'I1@X]'F,. RbP Q1F( ~T?Oʏ31F(  Q1@X7. Q1F(X]'F`~Toa?*1F)~Toa?*LQW ~T~TOʌQa`~Toa?*1F)?Oʏ31F(X]'F Roa?*1F) Ra?*LQa?*7&(0_ʍ/I1@X7OʌQ 93?rQ@X|)wLHGQq-len5Olnx#NOP~DmTQFn+Ѷfꆒhcid8P(_ȷъlDo5Comg*eIA)lG1OK(?mhh.6s\p7I7b\QnzQ"q6"vь ."H"#j]bづpS=1[:}/je+#ZTi ¬ool9" K59j5K, avk k莢v üVL5"\٢:ܽozv1VԬtg+Xe9ӬZM~SWө*j5Fڗ0h ms\]1R9m,Q6+bThEbIъOnh TX.h(M2F&8b,Qoh ThEbF.X.6p"vѶ(Km=bFxO=E IRcCvmT\֍'Vdn۟җs$erW"vm]KbTi LW3x,j%-khZmD@qҺ'*Z cCbcFk]; SyDk0.{f$+ԋj@9XszcAwd/_fG kXu8t{ӴrH׊xZG밸mWofWv޽jg*RK3F:s^eZr7 nZbThYdX}E.xoI"E3mX~m`*]p%7C50+[W4`w?BE}kA&Gj,aKN;נBA\$kAh7h1Y΃aè6YZX]Ƅ|ָs|!(J޻kKTcCjEu #|!N3:j1km8DǠB(cZm7;C{isW` 9pNEbkEQjR u<+pF< 6Ը R$[޹z؀Fǵ1+noW_C~JA(ZѤ ~鰅d!mqֺ֛pC ]u B9BTD&%KhzOO%O²)ZYU:Uܲ'v}fe ԥ,)kIn߸Zd1Ԥ *QW71VQݘ5^On^Eti JcTӛ9tpFOL7 *<9 NqY6Ȼ\VR+.M>kFC[I.Oƌi2o4t ccǨ fE4vH5nzpTR{}(Rcg8>Z[hVţc&HYis#HќCvѶ eNEsN5gfF8k==2Օ4cJKmw˴,O͎+9˱߆J9.kMٌpuf^L è RS +R4M66ub\}==u*Ȱ?6)]/Hs}zHaڄfpIHI}%bh򿈿.B#Fړm.(XmjPm-mvѷҀ"Fڗo4m,E.Z6"FڗnzV}ޡTJ* "|ܷ9mT,{X33隣_PTa\{tw,Ԓ]Jߝc=<]K ]jMJxXES޷2!~2kGh8\V] A>k헶F-62dTk[|'Ј-ILԯp 拭kM\ÊUTt;0 %f9p c3&vZX&F}j-o0-ұ^h0Yu\>%JK6hZyǜ֊O+VEG-/$sX(W'*u:ZvhR.A.UϖB-#<$wkjqO@*4i/X\^z)1KޖC/n̚dc\ME7>s=kv67|`K 2+׆*,hJ6VR>,2i6dOq\楯 gpZ3Z~;7dU,Ij"lR`HN{ip $JAwS]։EiĊ7c\ʐ1wpOznjC? ^2M#[>$m>e ~x}Zx,qںn[)4KqA^Khrpε!E/ym}|״4!ROz׾cj˭g^jcd+晦f=jiX[T p4ru@[PF=+Xg+Ѿ]KFژRm6m徢mQq8pt"i4mc*| EQ-z@j;W:nB<~lMwe;J[&M4bN$I+f1qOϴV'qfyYM= ZDøtEpx:z%\Dt4'Iê, Dtk'W$b\tu Vsg4d]bJ vѶongB].cXЩ((ojMTl|C`۲E]H1 |& s9Ft$En}ԶLF8j-(Fn3s9QU+NQIc HW Mj]{%%լ:IzmYڷuIIBWSjV94}/M!@Mw­gkD{*v)E⍵&]Qx_?S%~JsQ2=j]mv2/cU[sW Jd+}> zpF\ e^T"*`kSmC5`Sʔns(b%ŸMkU`θD&M=cpq \k*HԐt$MTiiS۸lbX|z8)sXF̍9nrr|'J-H9,QJ԰FpV3Tuב\k9<ҭk:\tc(}+4ΥJc ӭ S:_8,tΜѓkÿ5FGZiR10H>L!J_d8=kWU{"#\Ɇpm9l<EWYl>Ϳ=kBA_e]f)eaUt5mbwrX C{⋋O_F;9B1ޝ%%C-O6ppkKDqKK`S|:3nN(G)k 4m<)k!Vn9ou$۹`TUƕ81Sˡ׎F驏2~LӼQ. X'&k3/LoԛyJvZ璢DrĥGRkmf[[j9֦[zֽ6QG߾R 7v0PsS V4snO|nGq)ELT][GN-HT<Uk u[ߗBDBWwbZ4){ zFڗn(Z\lE M:$^j=V`v4c-zV,>U5ak wJ9b$~\V}xz۹[H&AVΣ"}j#$U֤|W^C?xutNGt?Ak9NX۞PP.Ǟmɮ{`Q0* 8.+(\&mWcLŖVZ=o{G1{yfi$Q!)ӥXXz҂5]}Н[-t./Ρ]ΒEMد56ԻhHv"RE.ڐ/(,?ڱ*EGmI1@G&(G&(b=m1F(F*Mmv#1F( mI1@/81Fs@XaqT5;zҺ$7 v8u#3oz8D12"G­.Nsj6"F*LfeY]NIN+mAԛsF(9''yjdh]H栏öyQ[i1AбU- Dz5T0Ի} A)>gtss9%QBv@RJw3nt.P 2E~2}[sE^^[:U &ڴ6D'(;d>d`EQʭIi3.G_19ϦE=ÑZ8qA_X{R݂]B#aK8qҍǕhRmmv#6Ѷ#F>jmxzGQՈO5Gƣ)$w->>f*V'c-[䌶3Xk>q SȭmSjt:wqZ 8cƠNRsv*\YEvp)!ӭKUQ4/M.[G(I6ӹ#jMbG&(F*LQW0"P*6ӻb=m1F)dQmV YW+֩^+OmSKYL wĵHtpI{W*"X" :_6]T!T phonetic2*B*`JphfffCJOJQJo(^JaJ5\.1. caption15\`^@B` nf(Qz)!dXD[$dYD\$a$$1$CJOJQJ^JaJKH8 @R8 ua$$G$ 9r CJJ@bJ u w'a$$G$&dP 9r CJ^\^ z-zSOvza$$1$&dPCJOJQJ^JaJ<KH^]^ z-zSO^za$$1$$dNCJOJQJ^JaJ<KHVV /\8 Char Char*5CJ,KH,PJ\_HaJ,mH nHsH tH^^ /\8 TopSage.com& 8NWD8XDdYD^` CJaJff /\8TopSage.com Char Char$CJKHPJ_HaJmH nHsH tHHH /\8paraN.WDXDYD`CJaJNN /\8 para Char$CJKHPJ_HaJmH nHsH tHDD /\8ParaheadWDXD2`5RR /\8'Y[Q* NNVDWD8XDYD^` CJaJJJ !/\8reply N.VDXDYD^CJaJPP /\8 reply Char$CJKHPJ_HaJmH nHsH tH6"6 -/\8answer"d,CJaJX12X /\8bt3##$$$dh2@& XD2a$B* CJ\aJphhABh %/\8bt4'$$$$d,d@& XDdYDa$ B* CJOJPJQJ\aJph3XQX $/\8bt4 Char05B* CJKHPJ_HaJmH nHph3sH tHHbH /\8Y/N"&   VDWDP^ `56FrF /\8bt$'$WDXD2YD2`a$5) /\8uxbb /\8 Directions&)-WDXD2YD2^-`6CJ]^JNN /\8bt2*$dhXD2a$5B*CJ\^Jph33VV /\8readme,+\dN.WD8XDYD^`\aJFF /\8 SampleAnswer,$`a$5RR "! answer Char$CJKHPJ_HaJmH nHsH tH88 n6c cnn_dynone1 <e G HTML IZJ  7tL,0[uO  {QkP 2HTQ9HI ;U[aOC>E:{cG@ gB4hh!<A&6?YRR1gzV*@ D( @@@@8@Unknown Gz Times New Roman5Symbol3& z Arial7&  Verdana;5 wiSO_GB2312;[SOSimSun;ўSOSimHeiO& k9?Lucida Sans Unicode;Wingdings Qhw`   !Z&!),.:;?]}    & 6"0000 0 0 00000 =@\]^([{  0 0 00000;[  3q)?'*22 Normal.dotUnit 1 guoyaxin_o|~)                           ! " # $ % & ' ( Oh+'0  8 D P \hpxUnit 1  guoyaxinNormal ΢ϵͳ10Microsoft Office Word@ @ 5O@rvɝ-@o ՜.+,D՜.+,D   $,4<WWW.YlmF.CoM ' ` ?GKSOProductBuildVer2052-6.6.0.2461  !"#$%'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdeghijklmopqrstuxRoot Entry F jz1Table&%~WordDocumentJSummaryInformation(fDocumentSummaryInformation8nCompObjm  FMicrosoft Office Word ĵ MSWordDocWord.Document.89q