VOA慢速英语：一年没上学，阿富汗女孩前途未卜

For most teenage girls in Afghanistan, it has been a year since they were barred from going to school. But some are trying to continue their education even with the Taliban now ruling the country.
对于阿富汗的大多数少女来说，她们被禁止上学已经一年了。但即使塔利班现在统治着这个国家，有些人仍在努力继续他们的教育。
 
At a house in Kabul, a group of young girls recently gathered for classes in an unofficial school set up by Sodaba Nazhand. She and her sister teach English, science and math to girls who should be in high school.
在喀布尔的一所房子里，一群年轻女孩最近聚集在一所由 Sodaba Nazhand 设立的非官方学校上课。她和姐姐教给本应上高中的女孩教英语、科学和数学。
 
"When the Taliban wanted to take away the rights of education and the rights of work from women, I wanted to stand against their decision by teaching these girls," Nazhand told The Associated Press.
“当塔利班想要剥夺妇女的教育权和工作权时，我想通过教导这些女孩来反对他们的决定。”纳赞德告诉美联社。
 
Hers is one of several secret schools in operation since the Taliban took over the country and restricted education for girls. The government only permits girls to attend school through the sixth grade. They are barred from attending high school. Although the Taliban says women can attend university, it is not likely that they will do so if they cannot complete high school.
自塔利班接管该国并限制女孩接受教育以来，她的学校是几所秘密学校之一。政府只允许女孩上六年级，禁止上高中。尽管塔利班表示女性可以上大学，但如果她们不能完成高中，她们就不太可能上大学。
 
"There is no way to fill this gap, and this situation is very sad and concerning," Nazhand said.
“没有办法填补这一空白，这种情况非常令人难过和担忧，”纳赞德说。
 
Taliban takeover
塔利班接管
 
Nearly the whole population of Afghanistan was thrown into poverty after the Taliban takeover in August of 2021. Millions of Afghans could not feed their families when the world cut off support to the country.
2021 年 8 月塔利班接管后，阿富汗几乎所有人口都陷入贫困。当世界切断对该国的支持时，数百万阿富汗人无法养家糊口。
 
The group Save the Children found that more than 45 percent of girls are not going to school in Afghanistan, compared to 20 percent of boys. It also found that 26 percent of girls are showing signs of depression, compared with 16 percent of boys.
拯救儿童组织发现，阿富汗超过 45% 的女孩不上学，而男孩的这一比例为 20%。它还发现，26% 的女孩表现出抑郁的迹象，而男孩的这一比例为 16%。
 
The international community is demanding that the Taliban open schools to all Afghan girls. The United States and the European Union have created plans to pay Afghanistan's teachers directly to keep the schools open without putting money in the Taliban's hands.
国际社会要求塔利班向所有阿富汗女孩开放学校。美国和欧盟已制定计划，为保持学校开放，直接向阿富汗教师支付费用，而不是将资金交给塔利班。
 
But Taliban leaders are still arguing among themselves about whether to educate girls. Some in the group support returning girls to school because they see no religious objection to it or because they want to improve ties with the world. Others strongly oppose it, especially rural tribal leaders.
但塔利班领导人内部仍在争论是否要教育女孩。该团体中的一些人支持让女孩重返学校，因为他们认为没有宗教反对意见，或者因为他们想改善与世界的联系。其他人则强烈反对，尤其是农村部落首领。
 
When the Taliban first ruled Afghanistan in the 1990s, the group established much stronger restrictions on women. They banned schools for all girls and barred women from work. If they went outside, women had to wear burkas, clothing that covers them fully, from head to feet.
塔利班在 1990 年代首次统治阿富汗时，该组织对女性实施了更严格的限制。他们禁止所有女孩上学，并禁止妇女工作。如果外出，女性必须从头到脚穿上罩袍，即完全覆盖她们的衣服。
 
The Taliban promised Afghans when they seized control again last year that they would not return to the restrictions of the past. The officials said they would permit teen girls back into school in the future. But, they said, first the government needed to set up a process to separate boys and girls in an "Islamic framework."
塔利班在去年再次夺取控制权时向阿富汗人承诺，他们不会回到过去。政府表示，他们将来会允许少女重返学校。但是，他们说，首先政府需要建立一个程序，在“伊斯兰框架”中将男孩和女孩分开。
 
In March, just before the new school year was to begin, the Taliban announced that everyone would be back to school. But then, on March 23, the day school was to reopen, the group stopped teenage girls from going to school. Apparently, the Taliban's supreme leader, Mullah Haibatullah Akhundzada, changed the policy to please more conservative local leaders.
3 月，就在新学年开始之前，塔利班宣布所有人都将重返学校。但随后，在 3 月 23 日，当日开学时，该组织阻止了十几岁的女孩上学。显然，塔利班最高领导人毛拉·海巴图拉·阿昆扎达改变了政策，以取悦更保守的地方领导人。
 
Shekiba Qaderi, a 16-year-old, remembered going to school that day, ready to start the 10th grade. She and her friends were excited until a teacher told them to go home. The girls all began to cry, she said. "That was the worst moment in our lives."
16 岁的 Shekiba Qaderi 记得那天去学校，准备上 10 年级。她和她的朋友们都很兴奋，直到老师告诉他们回家。她说，女孩们都开始哭了。“那是我们一生中最糟糕的时刻。”
 
Since then, she has been trying to study at home by reading books. And she is learning English through movies and YouTube videos. Her older sister is at a private university studying law. But her father Mohammad Shah Qaderi said, "She won't have a job. The Taliban won't [permit] her to work."
从那以后，她一直试图通过看书在家学习。她正在通过电影和 YouTube 视频学习英语。她的姐姐在一所私立大学学习法律。但她的父亲 Mohammad Shah Qaderi 说：“她不会有工作。塔利班不会[允许]她工作。”
 
Qaderi said he has always wanted his children to get a higher education. As that may be impossible now, he is thinking of leaving Afghanistan for the first time after many years of war.
Qaderi说，他一直希望他的孩子能够接受高等教育，现在这种可能变得越来越渺茫，他在多年战争后第一次考虑离开阿富汗。
 
"I can't see them growing in front of my eyes with no education; it is just not acceptable to me," he said.
“没有教育，我无法亲眼看到孩子的成长，这对我来说是不可接受的。”他说。
 
Secret schools
秘密学校
 
A month after the Taliban takeover, Nazhand started teaching street children to read in a park in her neighborhood. Women who could not read or write joined them, she said.
塔利班接管后一个月，纳赞德开始在她附近的一个公园教街头儿童阅读。她说，不会读写的女性也加入了他们的行列。
 
Sometime later, a supporter rented a house in which Nazhand could hold the classes. Once she was operating inside, Nazhand included teen girls who were no longer permitted to go to public school.
过了一段时间，一位支持者租了一间房子，纳赞德可以在里面上课。一旦她开始在里面工作，纳赞德就吸纳了那些禁止上公立学校的少女。
 
Now there are about 250 students, including 50 or 60 schoolgirls studying above the sixth grade level.
现有学生约250人，其中六年级以上学生有50至60人。
 
"I am not only teaching them school subjects, but also trying to teach them how to fight and stand for their rights," Nazhand said. "These are the same Taliban, but we shouldn't be the same women of those years. We must struggle by writing, by raising our voice, by any way possible."
“我不仅教他们学校科目，还试图教他们如何为自己的权利而战，”纳赞德说。“塔利班还是那个塔利班，但我们不应该是那些年的女性。我们必须通过写作，通过提高我们的声音，以任何可能的方式进行斗争。”
 
Nazhand's school, and others like it, are illegal under the Taliban's current restrictions. But so far, her school remains open.
纳赞德的学校和其他类似的学校在塔利班目前的限制下是非法的。但到目前为止，她的学校仍然开放。
 
For students, the underground schools are a lifeline.
对于学生来说，地下学校是生命线。
"It is so hard when you can't go to school," said student Dunya Arbabzada. "Whenever I pass by my school and see the closed door ... it's so upsetting for me."
学生 Dunya Arbabzada 说：“不能去上学的时候真是太难了。每当我经过学校，看到紧闭的门......就很沮丧。”
 
I'm Caty Weaver.
凯蒂·韦弗报道。