前沿资讯：国会通过法案，禁止美联储创建CBDC

The US House of Representatives passed H.R. 5403, the CBDC Anti-Surveillance State Act, sponsored by Majority Whip Tom Emmer (MN-06).
美国众议院通过了由多数党党鞭汤姆-埃默（Tom Emmer，MN-06）发起的 H.R. 5403 法案，即《CBDC 反监控国家法案》。

The legislation blocks the creation and issuance of a central bank digital currency (CBDC) without explicit congressional authorization, aiming to safeguard Americans’ financial privacy.
该法案禁止在没有国会明确授权的情况下创建和发行央行数字货币（CBDC），旨在保护美国人的金融隐私。

The bill aims to prevent unelected officials from developing a CBDC that could infringe on Americans’ financial privacy. It specifically prohibits the Federal Reserve from offering certain products or services directly to individuals and restricts the use of CBDCs for monetary policy.
该法案旨在防止非民选官员开发可能侵犯美国人金融隐私的 CBDC。法案特别禁止美联储直接向个人提供某些产品或服务，并限制将 CBDC 用于货币政策。

Key provisions include prohibiting Federal Reserve banks from offering products or services directly to individuals, maintaining accounts on behalf of individuals, and issuing any form of CBDC without congressional approval.
主要条款包括禁止美联储银行直接向个人提供产品或服务、代表个人维护账户，以及在未经国会批准的情况下发行任何形式的 CBDC。

It also restricts the use of CBDCs to implement monetary policy, ensuring that such measures preserve the privacy protections of physical currency.
该法案还限制使用 CBDCs 执行货币政策，确保此类措施能维护实物货币的隐私保护。

Chairman of the House Financial Services Committee, Patrick McHenry, supported the bill, highlighting concerns over financial surveillance. He cited examples from other countries, such as China’s use of a CBDC to monitor and control citizens’ spending habits.
众议院金融服务委员会主席帕特里克-麦克亨利（Patrick McHenry）支持该法案，并强调了对金融监控的担忧。他列举了其他国家的例子，如中国利用 CBDC 监控公民的消费习惯。

H.R. 5403 received broad support, reflecting widespread concern over the potential misuse of digital currency by governmental authorities. The bill’s passage marks a critical step in protecting financial privacy in the digital age.
H.R. 5403 法案获得了广泛支持，反映了人们对政府当局可能滥用数字货币的普遍担忧。该法案的通过标志着在数字时代保护金融隐私迈出了关键一步。

Emmer emphasized that the bill is designed to prevent the federal government from following in the footsteps of authoritarian regimes that use digital currencies for surveillance.
埃默强调，该法案旨在防止联邦政府步专制政权的后尘，利用数字货币进行监控。

The bill now moves to the Senate for consideration. If passed, it will significantly limit the Federal Reserve’s ability to implement a CBDC without legislative oversight, reinforcing Congress’ role in major financial decisions.
该法案现将提交参议院审议。如果获得通过，它将极大地限制美联储在没有立法监督的情况下实施 CBDC 的能力，加强国会在重大金融决策中的作用。