研究表明，与婴儿潮一代相比，X世代面临更多的健康问题

研究表明，与婴儿潮一代相比，X世代面临更多的健康问题

The analysis of 135,000 people living in England has suggested that although they're are living longer, their lives aren't necessarily healthier. Researchers described the finding as a concerning trend.

对生活在英格兰的13.5万人的分析表明，尽管他们活得更长了，但他们的生活并不一定更健康。研究人员称这一发现有令人担忧的趋势。

"Earlier in the 20th century, a rise in life expectancy went hand in hand with an increase in healthy lifespan -- younger generations were living longer, healthier lives," said George Ploubidis, a professor of population health and statistics at University College London and an author of the study.

伦敦大学学院的人口健康与统计学教授、该研究的作者乔治·普罗比迪斯说:“20世纪初，预期寿命的增加与健康寿命的延长是同步的——年轻一代活得更久、更健康。”

"It appears that, for those generations born between 1945 and 1980, this trend has stalled. Those born later are expected to live longer on average, but with more years of ill health," said Ploubidis, who is also director of research and chief statistician at UCL's Centre for Longitudinal Studies.

“看来，对于1945年至1980年出生的几代人来说，这一趋势已经停滞。普洛比迪斯说，“平均来说，晚生的人平均寿命会更长，但健康状况不佳的年份也会更长。”他是伦敦大学洛杉矶分校纵向研究中心的研究主任和首席统计学家，

The researchers compared people between ages 25 and 64 whose health was monitored between 1991 and 2014 as part of the Health Survey for England, an annual household survey.

研究人员比较了年龄在25岁到64岁之间的人群，在1991年到2014年期间对这些人的健康状况进行了监测，这是英国健康调查(一项年度家庭调查)的一部分。

The later-born participants were also more likely to have diabetes, circulatory illnesses, hypertension and be overweight, according to a self-reported survey and objective measurements.

根据一项自我报告的调查和客观测量，晚出生的参与者更有可能患有糖尿病、循环系统疾病、高血压和超重。

"Our study shows that, for those born between 1945 and 1980, the overall trend is towards an increasing proportion of years in poor health, with some health conditions beginning at an earlier age," said Stephen Jivraj, associate professor in quantitative social science in UCL's department of epidemiology and public health. He was the lead author of the study, which published in the journal Population Studies.

“我们的研究表明，对于1945年至1980年出生的人来说，总体趋势是健康状况不佳的年龄比例越来越高，一些健康状况开始于更早的年龄，”伦敦大学洛杉矶分校流行病学和公共卫生系定量社会科学副教授斯蒂芬·吉夫拉杰说。他是这项研究的主要作者，该研究发表在《人口研究》杂志上。

Gen X: Longer lives but in poor health

X世代:寿命更长但健康状况不佳

Participants were asked whether they had poor health, a long-term illness and various chronic conditions, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Nurses also measured participants' blood pressure, body mass index (BMI) and glycated hemoglobin, a flag for diabetes.

参与者被问及他们是否有不良的健康状况，长期疾病和各种慢性病，包括心血管疾病和糖尿病。护士还测量了参与者的血压、身体质量指数(BMI)和糖化血红蛋白(糖尿病的标志)。

For example, more than 78% of 44-year-old men born in 1970 were predicted to be overweight, compared with 71% of 44-year-old men born in 1958, the researchers found. Similarly, 16% of 56-year-old men born in 1958 were predicted to have high blood sugar compared with 9% of 56-year-olds born in 1946, according to the study.

例如，研究人员发现，1970年出生的44岁男性中，超过78%的人超重，而1958年出生的44岁男性中，这一比例为71%。同样，根据这项研究，1958年出生的56岁男性中有16%的人有高血糖，而1946年出生的56岁男性中这一比例为9%。

Later-born men were more likely to report high blood pressure, although this was not the case for later-born women.

晚出生的男性患高血压的可能性更大，晚出生的女性并非如此。

More than half of the years of additional life expectancy gained by men and women who were age 25 between 1993 and 2003, the analysis showed, were expected to be spent in bad health.

分析显示，在1993年至2003年期间，25岁的男性和女性预期寿命增加的时间中，有一半以上是在健康状况不佳的情况下度过的。

While the study didn't look at the reasons why people were likely to spend more years in poor health, Jivraj said that it was likely linked to diet and less physical exercise.

吉夫拉杰说，虽然这项研究并没有探究人们健康状况不佳的原因，但这可能与饮食和较少的体育锻炼有关。

He also said widening social inequality over the generations studied could be a factor.

他还说，在研究的几代人当中，社会不平等的扩大可能是一个因素。